On the demand side, exporters and strategic planners focusing on clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints in Italy face a number of questions. Which countries are supplying clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints to Italy? How important is Italy compared to others in terms of the entire global and regional market? How much do the imports of clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints vary from one country of origin to another in Italy? On the supply side, Italy also exports clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints. Which countries receive the most exports from Italy? How are these exports concentrated across buyers? What is the value of these exports and which countries are the largest buyers?

This report was created for strategic planners, international marketing executives, and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints in Italy. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics which appear several years after the fact. Professor Philip M. Parker, the Chair Professor of Management Science at INSEAD, has developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints for those countries serving Italy via exports, or supplying from Italy via imports. He does so for the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models.

"Clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints" as a category is defined in this report following the definition given by the United Nations Statistics Division Classification Registry using the Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 3 (SITC, Rev. 3). The SITC code that defines "clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints" is 7486.

On the demand side, exporters and strategic planners focusing on clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints in Italy face a number of questions. Which countries are supplying clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints to Italy? How important is Italy compared to others in terms of the entire global and regional market? How much do the imports of clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints vary from one country of origin to another in Italy? On the supply side, Italy also exports clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints. Which countries receive the most exports from Italy? How are these exports concentrated across buyers? What is the value of these exports and which countries are the largest buyers?

This report was created for strategic planners, international marketing executives, and import/export managers who are concerned with the market for clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints in Italy. With the globalization of this market, managers can no longer be contented with a local view. Nor can managers be contented with out-of-date statistics which appear several years after the fact. Professor Philip M. Parker, the Chair Professor of Management Science at INSEAD, has developed a methodology, based on macroeconomic and trade models, to estimate the market for clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints for those countries serving Italy via exports, or supplying from Italy via imports. He does so for the current year based on a variety of key historical indicators and econometric models.

In what follows, Chapter 2 begins by summarizing where Italy fits into the world market for imported and exported clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints. The total level of imports and exports on a worldwide basis, and those for Italy in particular, is estimated using a model which aggregates across over 150 key country markets and projects these to the current year. From there, each country represents a percent of the world market. This market is served from a number of competitive countries of origin. Based on both demand- and supply-side dynamics, market shares by country of origin are then calculated across each country market destination. These shares lead to a volume of import and export values for each country and are aggregated to regional and world totals. In doing so, we are able to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of both the value of each market and the share that Italy is likely to receive this year. From these figures, rankings are calculated to allow managers to prioritize Italy compared to other major country markets. In this way, all the figures provided in this report are forecasts that can be combined with internal information sources for strategic planning purposes.

After the worldwide summary in Chapter 2 of both imports and exports of clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints, Chapter 3 goes into detail on imports, but for each major country of origin serving Italy. A "major" market is defined as a country where Italy represents a substantially large share of either imports or exports. For each major country exporting to Italy, one can thus observe how important Italy is to that exporting country compared to other countries of the world. Chapter 4 does the same, but for exports of clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints originating from Italy, for each major country of destination. In doing so, one can discover the share that Italy has in each major market; this share value is often used as a measure of competitiveness for Italy. In all cases, the total dollar volume and percentage share values by major trading partner are provided. Combined, Chapters 3 and 4 present the total picture for imports and exports of clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints to and from Italy and all other major countries in the world. "Clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints" as a category is defined in this report following the definition given by the United Nations Statistics Division Classification Registry using the Standard International Trade Classification, Revision 3 (SITC, Rev. 3). The SITC code that defines "clutches, shaft couplings, and universal joints" is 7486.

Important Caveat: The figures should be seen as market estimates, as opposed to historical records, as these are forecasted for the current year of trade. More importantly, in light of the fact that unforeseeable factors might interrupt markets in achieving their reported levels, the figures should be seen as estimates of potential. For example, "mad cow" disease, foot-and-mouth disease, trade embargoes, military conflicts, acts of terrorism, and other events will certainly affect the actual trade flows recorded for a variety of industry or product categories. In such cases, the difference between the numbers given in this report and the numbers actually observed might be interpreted as the "net loss" or "net gain" due to these exogenous events affecting regular trade flows that would have occurred had these events not have taken place.

• 1INTRODUCTION AND METHODOLOGY
• 2ITALY AND THE WORLD MARKET
• 2.1IMPORTS IN ITALY IN 2021
• 2.2EXPORTS FROM ITALY IN 2021
• 3IMPORTS IN ITALY
• 3.1ASIA
• 3.1.1CHINA
• 3.1.2INDIA
• 3.1.3JAPAN
• 3.1.4SOUTH KOREA
• 3.1.5TAIWAN
• 3.1.6THAILAND
• 3.2EUROPE
• 3.2.1AUSTRIA
• 3.2.2BELGIUM
• 3.2.3CROATIA
• 3.2.4DENMARK
• 3.2.5FINLAND
• 3.2.6FRANCE
• 3.2.7GERMANY
• 3.2.8HUNGARY
• 3.2.9IRELAND
• 3.2.10NORWAY
• 3.2.11POLAND
• 3.2.12ROMANIA
• 3.2.13RUSSIA
• 3.2.14SLOVAKIA
• 3.2.15SLOVENIA
• 3.2.16SPAIN
• 3.2.17SWEDEN
• 3.2.18SWITZERLAND
• 3.2.19THE CZECH REPUBLIC
• 3.2.20THE NETHERLANDS
• 3.2.21THE UNITED KINGDOM
• 3.3LATIN AMERICA
• 3.3.1ARGENTINA
• 3.3.2BRAZIL
• 3.4NORTH AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN
• 3.4.1CANADA
• 3.4.2THE UNITED STATES
• 3.5OCEANIA
• 3.5.1AUSTRALIA
• 3.6THE MIDDLE EAST
• 3.6.1ISRAEL
• 3.6.2PAKISTAN
• 3.6.3TURKEY
• 4EXPORTS FROM ITALY
• 4.1AFRICA
• 4.1.1ALGERIA
• 4.1.2COTE D'IVOIRE
• 4.1.3EGYPT
• 4.1.4ETHIOPIA
• 4.1.5MOROCCO
• 4.1.6NIGERIA
• 4.1.7SOUTH AFRICA
• 4.1.8THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
• 4.1.9ZAMBIA
• 4.2ASIA
• 4.2.1CHINA
• 4.2.2HONG KONG
• 4.2.3INDIA
• 4.2.4INDONESIA
• 4.2.5JAPAN
• 4.2.6MALAYSIA
• 4.2.7PHILIPPINES
• 4.2.8SINGAPORE
• 4.2.9SOUTH KOREA
• 4.2.10SRI LANKA
• 4.2.11TAIWAN
• 4.2.12THAILAND
• 4.2.13VIETNAM
• 4.3EUROPE
• 4.3.1ALBANIA
• 4.3.2AUSTRIA
• 4.3.3BELARUS
• 4.3.4BELGIUM
• 4.3.5BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA
• 4.3.6BULGARIA
• 4.3.7CROATIA
• 4.3.8CYPRUS
• 4.3.9DENMARK
• 4.3.10ESTONIA
• 4.3.11FINLAND
• 4.3.12FRANCE
• 4.3.13GERMANY
• 4.3.14GREECE
• 4.3.15HUNGARY
• 4.3.16ICELAND
• 4.3.17IRELAND
• 4.3.18KAZAKHSTAN
• 4.3.19LATVIA
• 4.3.20LITHUANIA
• 4.3.21MACEDONIA
• 4.3.22MALTA
• 4.3.23NORWAY
• 4.3.24POLAND
• 4.3.25PORTUGAL
• 4.3.26ROMANIA
• 4.3.27RUSSIA
• 4.3.28SLOVAKIA
• 4.3.29SLOVENIA
• 4.3.30SPAIN
• 4.3.31SWEDEN
• 4.3.32SWITZERLAND
• 4.3.33THE CZECH REPUBLIC
• 4.3.34THE NETHERLANDS
• 4.3.35THE UNITED KINGDOM
• 4.3.36UKRAINE
• 4.4LATIN AMERICA
• 4.4.1ARGENTINA
• 4.4.2BRAZIL
• 4.4.3CHILE
• 4.4.4COLOMBIA
• 4.4.5ECUADOR
• 4.4.6GUATEMALA
• 4.4.7MEXICO
• 4.4.8NICARAGUA
• 4.4.9PERU
• 4.5NORTH AMERICA & THE CARIBBEAN
• 4.5.1CANADA
• 4.5.2THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC
• 4.5.3THE UNITED STATES
• 4.6OCEANIA
• 4.6.1AUSTRALIA
• 4.6.2NEW ZEALAND
• 4.7THE MIDDLE EAST
• 4.7.1ARMENIA
• 4.7.2AZERBAIJAN
• 4.7.3BAHRAIN
• 4.7.4ISRAEL
• 4.7.5JORDAN
• 4.7.6KUWAIT
• 4.7.7LEBANON
• 4.7.8OMAN
• 4.7.9PAKISTAN
• 4.7.10QATAR
• 4.7.11TURKEY
• 5DISCLAIMERS, WARRANTIES, AND USER AGREEMENT PROVISIONS
• 5.1DISCLAIMERS & SAFE HARBOR
• 5.2ICON GROUP INTERNATIONAL, INC. USER AGREEMENT PROVISIONS